International Journal of Medicine Research

Authors
Dr. Luai Farhan Zghair

Abstract
Background: Hematemesis is a common universal emergency in clinical practice and remain a major medical problem. Objectives: To diagnose the causes of hematemesis and the management of this problem. Method: One hundred Patients presented with hematemsis from July 2018 to July 2019 at AL-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital were studied and subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to elicit the causes of the bleeding. Results: Sixty patients were male (60%) and 40 patients were females (40%) with male to female ratio of 1.5: 1. The age ranged from 10 to 80 years, with mean age of the patients was 30 + 5 years, the majority being in the 4^th decade of life constituting about 30 patient (30%). Chronic peptic ulcer are the most common cause of bleeding accounting for 45 patients (45%) followed by acute peptic erossion 25 patients (25%), hiatus hernia with reflux oesophagitis 20 patients (20%), gastric cancer 5 patients (5%) and oesophageal varices 3 patients (3%), Mallory Weis syndrome 2 patients (2%). Ninety five patients (95%) stopped bleeding on the medical supportive measures, this took place from within few hours following admission to 2 days post-admission. In 5 patients (5%) the bleeding continue and were referred to emergency surgery, and laparotomy was done to them. The death rate in our study was 3 patients (3%). Conclusion: The study showed that the most common causes of bleeding is chronic peptic ulcer followed by acute pepticerossion and 95 patients (95%) were treated medically and 5 patients (5%) were treated surgically and 3 patients (3%) died.