International Journal of Medicine Research

Authors
Raghav Nepalia, Dr. AK Verma Dr. Kamla Kawrani

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting about 6% of the world’s population. Diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD), a major cause of non-traumatic amputations, responsible for preventable blindness and a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the glycemic control by estimation of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA_1c), and lipid profile in patients of Diabetes mellitus without complications and in Diabetes mellitus with complications like neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy and compare with controls. Methodology: The present study comprised of 100 clinically diagnosed and confirmed cases of type 2 Diabetes mellitus attending and admitted in Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA_1c), Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and HDL-Cholesterol were estimated in all groups. LDL-Cholesterol and VLDL-Cholesterol were calculated in all groups by using Friedewald’s formula. Results: Our study showed that HbA_1c levels were significantly higher (p<0.01) in all groups of patients as compared to controls. The increase in Serum Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-Cholesterol, VLDL-Cholesterol and decrease in HDL-Cholesterol levels were statistically significant (p<0.01) in Diabetic retinopathy group and Diabetic nephropathy group as compared to controls, whereas in Diabetic neuropathy group and in Diabetes mellitus without complication, the increase in Serum Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-Cholesterol, VLDL-Cholesterol and decrease in HDL-Cholesterol levels was not statistically significant as compared to controls. Conclusion: Our study revealed that poor glycemic control and dyslipidemia are associated with Diabetic complications like neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy. Estimation of glycosylated hemoglobin and lipid profile helps in predicting the development of microvascular complications. Therefore intensive glycemic control and aggressive treatment of dyslipidemia can help in reducing Diabetes mellitus associated complications.